厚朴GRE词汇笔记

今天我们继续连载《厚朴GRE词汇笔记》之0019,请同学们先看题:

The ambassador's critical remarks seemed to be less a product of _______ and more the careless utterances of a fatigued or undisciplined individual.
A. intensity
B. optimism
C. purposefulness
D. design
E. confidence
F. caution

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CD

首先我们读题,可以得到大致的印象如下:

那位大使的批评性言论看起来更少是一个__________的产物,更多是一个疲惫的、不守纪律的个人无意中说出来的话。

由此我们可以推知,空里面应该填一个和careless的意思差不多相反的单词。

有同学觉得caution的意思和careless相反,就选了caution。看起来选caution确实是可以的,但是caution是“”小心、谨慎”(care taken to avoid danger or mistakes),大使是外交官,如果他谨慎,自然就不会说批评性的话,就会保持沉默,所以如果填入谨慎,原句就成了“大使说那些批评的话不是出于谨慎………………”,这样的一句话是常识性的、不用说读者也知道、说了和没说一样的话(俗称废话),不适合用来表达观点。所以填caution不对。从这里我们可以看出做GRE填空题绝对不是找同义词和反义词,同学们千万不要简单套用“取同取反”。

排除了caution之后,我们很容易就可以排除intensity、optimism 、confidence,选出正确选项purposefulness和design,其中design的意思有些生僻,因为我们可能一般以为是“设计”意思,其实在这里是intention的意思。

design n. 目的;安排;意图
purpose, planning, or intention that exists or is thought to exist behind an action, fact, or material object

💡例句:
The country is thought to have territorial designs on neighbouring countries.
那个国家被认为对邻国的领土有企图。

design vt. 专为某种目的(或意图)做(或策划)
do or plan (something) with a specific purpose or intention in mind ;to intend

💡例句:
These measures are designed to reduce pollution.
采取这些措施的意图是降低污染。

💡例句:
The tax changes were designed to stimulate economic growth.
那几个税负方面的改变是为了刺激经济增长。

by design 有意地、故意地
intentionally

💡例句:I'm sure he ignored you by accident and not by design.
我敢肯定他绝非有意冷落你。

这道题中需要同学们识记的其他几个单词是:

purposeful adj. 故意的,蓄意的
intentional

💡例句:If his sudden death was not accidental, it must have been purposeful.
如果他的猝死不属偶然,那就是蓄意的了。

utterance n. 言语,言辞,发声
a spoken word, statement, or vocal sound

💡例句:
The senator's recent utterances were promptly rebutted by three of his colleagues on Monday.
那位参议员在周末发表的言论周一就立刻遭到了3位同僚的反驳。

fatigue vt. 使极度疲劳
to make someone extremely tired

💡例句: 
The journey had fatigued him.
旅途令他劳累不堪。

undisplined adj. 未受训导的;难以控制的;不遵守纪律的
lacking in discipline; uncontrolled in behaviour or manner

💡例句:
The coach should be embarrassed to see the team play in such an undisciplined manner.
看到球队以如此无纪律的方式比赛,那位教练应该感到羞愧。

最后附上补完整之后的句子(英汉对照):

The ambassador's critical remarks seemed to be less a product of purposefulness/design and more the careless utterances of a fatigued or undisciplined individual.

看起来,与其说这位大使的批评性言论是有目的有意这样说的,不如说是一个人在极疲倦、不受纪律约束状态下不小心说出来的。

好了,今天这一期的《厚朴GRE词汇笔记》就讲到这里了,同学们下次见。

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