首先介绍下自己，我是一个神奇的三线普高党，首考SAT写作7/7/8。今天我把自己的笔记整合成了这四页Word文档，集齐了SAT最深最好用的套路。

佛脚使用指南

本佛脚笔记是先罗列了一下大致的写作流程，包括文章总体布局和body段的写作模式。后面基于不同的写作手法罗列出了有关手法的分析、标志、常用的词汇以及模板句型等。如果能够熟练掌握并应用佛脚笔记中的所有内容，拿到满意的分数也是大有希望的（笑）.

body段的展开

以下的内容是通过四个步骤，recognition, information, contribution, effect来布局主体段的内容。

1、Recognition

在首段开门见山地提出本段的主题，也就是说，作者具体使用了什么手法。模板句的例子：

The author starts his/her article of by recounting a story…

The author’s argument is also featured by his use of…

Finally, the author makes use of…

2. Information

把原文中的主要信息融入到写作中，对于原文进行一定程度上的引用或改写，是抽象化、概括化的过程。注意筛选信息，不是所有内容都需要写进去，只需要寻找最重要最值得分析的部分。

3. Contribution

作者是如何支持了他自己的观点，主体是作者。

4. Effect

使读者想到的，感受到的内容，主体是读者。

Notice

1. coherence, 一个策略穿到底；

2. 后两个部分的每一句话, author, reader, strategy；

3. 在分析中主要提及author’s purpose, enable readers to think…about the claim, enable readers to feel…；

4. 段落总结句再次提及readers和效果(套话)。

文章布局

开头段

文章的标题、作者的全名、中心论点、下面要分析的三种手法：

Notice:

1.主旨不能中立，只能有一个立场

2.如果对于中心论点不确定，可以看文章最后的方框中的内容

3.文章的标题注意要用双引号来引用

Model:

1.In response to…, the author…argues that…

2.In the article, “…”by “…”, …makes an argument claiming that

3.…builds an argument to persuade his/her audience about…

结尾段

为省时间可直接重复开头的内容，但不建议完全不写。

主体段

Anecdote

Vocabulary: imaginary, vivid, consonance(共鸣), emotion, credible, describe, depict, evoke, inspire, arouse

Effect（可以从以下角度思考）

1）场景感和画面感

2）共鸣

3）情感影响 (sense of…可具体)

4）可行度和说服力

Sample Sentence：

1）In telling this brief anecdote, the author…

2）By drawing his/her readers with a personal encounter about…, the author…

Example

Feature: whole-part, for example；

Analysis: explain the “detailed” and “specific” feature Correct part with the whole；

Vocabulary: specific, characteristic, typical, representative, clarify, detailed, concrete, clear, illustrate, demonstrate, clarify, show, indicate, explain, illuminate；

Effect（可以从以下角度思考）

1）清晰明确 explicit, define, definite

2）信服度 credible, reliable

3）具体,细节 detailed, concrete, typical

4）部分连接到整体 easily connect to the claim, build a link between the author and audience

5）逻辑 logos

Statistics

Feature: number, numerals；

Analysis:explain the feature of the data 找趋势性、极端数据；

Vocabulary: precise, factual, credible, scientific, believable, undeniable, present a series numbers, explain, show, validate, justify, solidify, emphasize, imply；

Effect （可以从以下角度思考）

1）准确度 accuracy, precision, exactness

2）直观清晰 direct, definite, obvious, explicit, clear

3）数据内涵 trend, considerable size

4）可信度 credibility, reliable, power

5）无可辩驳 irrefutable, undeniable

6）逻辑 logical

Notice: 一个主体段不要写太多数据，数据本身不能用作pathos

Fact

Feature: poll, survey, research；

Vocabulary: irrefutable, cold, hard, authentic, credible；

Effect: build a reliable case, logos；

Contrast

Analysis: the implementation of the contrast targets, point out the “emphasis” effect（一定要总结出对比双方）；

Feature: distinct difference, antonym；

Vocabulary: dramatize, sharp, converse, opposite, different, distinct, highlight, impression；

Effect: pathos, logos；

Comparison

Analysis: the implication of the target, point out the “clarify” and “emphasis” effect；

Feature: similarity, dissimilarity；

Vocabulary: different, impression, clear, logically, reasonable, weigh the advantage and disadvantage in a rational way；

Effect: logos；

Rebuttal

Analysis

1）find out counterargument

2）explain how does the author refute the counterargument (method/evidence)

3）how and what does readers change their mind after the rebuttal

4）effect

Vocabulary: challenge the tradition/common sense, significant, undeniable, eliminate doubt, surprise readers, indefensible

Model

1）To acknowledge the counterargument raised here, the author refutes the claim that…

2）The author recognizes counterargument against his/her argument, he/she uses powerful evidences to make a rebuttal that…

3.）The author mentions…to acknowledge the counterargument that…, and refutes the claim by stating…

Diction / Word Choices

Analysis: suggest how the author want us to view the subject, explain the connotation and tone, look for similarities between words；

Feature: stance, tone, and bias；

Vocabulary: specific, positive/negative, mood；

Effect: appeal to pathos；

Notice: 解释connotation (the meaning or feeling of a word)，把diction分组写，同组为同语气，一段写2-3组。

Rhetorical Question

Analysis: find out the implication, focus on the “elicit emotion or thinking” part；

Feature: asked merely for effect with no answer expected；

Vocabulary: emphasis, provocation, stirring one’s feeling, tug at one’s heart string, heartfelt ponderance, inquiry, encourage, force.；

Effect: pathos, add emphasis, elicit emotion and thinking, draw attention

Parallelism

Analysis: quote the repeating or theme, find out the author’s purpose, highlight/call to attention/summon/criticize；

Feature: same syntax or sentence structure；

Vocabulary: emphatic, powerful, repetitive, echo, strengthen；

Effect: pathos (appeal to emotion), strengthen the claim, clarity, memorable, rhythm of the language, sense of urgency；

Simile / Metaphor

Analysis: explain the connotation of the喻体, connect the喻体和本体；

Vocabulary: figurative, characterize, similarity, compare…to…, connotation, dramatize, imagery；

Effect: create imagery, make the claim vividly, establish connection between…and…；

Allusion

Analysis: explain the historic event, literature…；

explain the connection between two things；

Feature: use common knowledge to explain unfamiliar things；

Vocabulary: allude, reference, similarity, familiar；

Effect: pathos, association, familiarity, add significance to the idea, clarity, appeal to history.

以上就是在SAT写作中的文章布局和常用写作手法的语料（套路），如果大家能够掌握了这些内容，并结合具体的考试文章将这些套路融合到写作中去，相信取得一个较为不错的成绩并不是一件难事。当然，临近考试抱一抱佛脚，平常的练习也不能够不重视。祝大家在十月份都能够拿到满意的成绩，成功分手SAT！

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