在准备雅思考试时，阅读和写作常被视为两个分开的部分，每个部分都需要独特的学习策略和技巧。然而，当我们同时备考这两个部分后，我们会发现，雅思阅读材料不仅能提高我们的阅读理解力，而且对写作技能的提升也大有裨益。许多同学在准备雅思写作时，会因选择学习材料而感到困惑。
市场上的学习资料五花八门，但它们本质上都是一个“吸收”的过程，即将学习材料中的词汇、句型或思路转化为自己的知识。既然如此，我们为何不利用雅思阅读来同时提升写作能力，从而提高写作水平呢？本文将展示如何巧妙地从雅思阅读材料中汲取养分，为写作增添活力，帮助你在雅思考试中同时提高阅读和写作能力，达到事半功倍的效果。
雅思人文话题阅读文章使用方法
上期文章主要讲解了环境类话题的雅思阅读文章，包括全球变暖、生物多样性等雅思阅读篇目对该类写作题目的帮助，感兴趣的同学可以在公众号搜索“超级助推器”即可。今天这篇文章将会为大家总结人文这一类话题的阅读文章如何应用在雅思大作文中。
以C6-Test 2-Passage 1这篇文章为例，讲的是公共交通的重要性。
其中一个段落为：
In the UK, travel times to work had been stable for at least six centuries, with people avoiding situations that required them to spend more than half an hour travelling to work. Trains and cars initially allowed people to live at greater distances without taking longer to reach their destination. However, public infrastructure did not keep pace with urban sprawl, causing massive congestion problems which now make commuting times far higher.
参考翻译⬇️
在英国，至少六个世纪以来，上班的时间一直很稳定，人们避免花超过半小时的时间去上班。最初，火车和汽车使人们可以住在更远的地方，而不用花更长的时间到达目的地。然而，公共基础设施没有跟上城市扩张的步伐，造成了严重的交通拥堵问题，现在通勤时间要长得多。
语言提升
从上述段落中，可以提取一些词汇和短语帮助我们描述交通、城市规划或者相关问题，用于雅思写作中：
👉描述交通和通勤的词汇：
- Travel times（通勤时间）：用于描述人们上下班花费的时间。
- 例句：In recent years, travel times have increased significantly due to traffic congestion.
- Spending more than half an hour travelling to work（花费超过半小时通勤）：具体描述通勤时间。
- 例句：A large number of commuters spend more than an hour travelling to work every day.
👉描述交通方式和基础设施的词汇：
- Live at greater distances（住在更远的地方）：描述居住地点与工作地点的距离。
- 例句：With the improvement of transportation, more people are able to live at greater distances from their workplaces.
- Public infrastructure（公共基础设施）：包括交通、水电等公共服务设施。
- 例句：Investment in public infrastructure is crucial for the sustainable development of cities.
- Urban sprawl（城市扩张）：城市向周边地区无序扩张的现象。
- 例句：Urban sprawl has led to increased traffic congestion and environmental degradation in many cities.
- Massive congestion problems（严重的拥堵问题）：描述交通拥堵的严重性。
- 例句：The city is facing massive congestion problems due to the lack of efficient public transportation.
- Make commuting times far higher（使通勤时间大幅增加）：描述交通问题对通勤时间的影响。
- 例句：Poor traffic management has made commuting times far higher, causing great inconvenience to commuters.
👉描述趋势和变化的词汇：
- Did not keep pace with（未能跟上……的步伐）：描述某种发展未能与另一种发展同步。
- 例句：The development of public transportation did not keep pace with the rapid growth of the city’s population.
- Causing（导致/引起）：用于描述因果关系。
- 例句：The increase in car ownership is causing serious air pollution in urban areas.
👉描述解决方案的词汇：
- Improve public transportation（改善公共交通）：常用的解决方案之一。
- 例句：To reduce traffic congestion, the government should focus on improving public transportation.
- Invest in infrastructure（投资基础设施）：强调对基础设施的投入。
- 例句：Investing in infrastructure is essential to support the economic growth of the region.
- Encourage carpooling（鼓励拼车）：减少交通拥堵的另一种方法。
- 例句：Encouraging carpooling can help reduce the number of vehicles on the road and alleviate traffic congestion.
雅思写作中的应用:
这些词汇和短语可以用于以下雅思写作任务中：
- Task 1（图表作文）：描述交通流量、通勤时间、城市扩张等数据的变化。
- 例句：The chart shows that travel times in the city have increased significantly over the past decade due to urban sprawl and poor infrastructure.
- Task 2（议论文）：讨论交通拥堵、城市规划、公共交通等问题。
- 例句：To address the issue of traffic congestion, it is essential for the government to invest in public infrastructure and encourage sustainable transportation options.
这些词汇和短语可以帮助我们在写作中更精确地表达与交通相关的观点。
使用场景
来看这道题：
In many cities, traffic congestion is a major problem. What are the causes of this issue, and what measures can be taken to solve it?
这道题问的是交通拥堵产生的原因以及如何解决，可以用上述阅读段落内容来回答原因：
👉Causes of Traffic Congestion
Historical context: Use the provided paragraph to explain that people have historically avoided long commutes (e.g., in the UK, travel times were stable for centuries).
可以举阅读文章中英国交通的例子
Infrastructure lag: Trains and cars initially improved travel efficiency, but public infrastructure failed to keep up with urban expansion, leading to congestion.
基础公共交通设施跟不上城市发展速度
Over-reliance on private vehicles: Poor public transport options force people to use cars, worsening traffic.
落后的公共交通迫使人们选择开车出行
其它可以应用的题目：
👉题目：
Some people believe that urban planning is essential for improving the quality of life in cities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
👉应用：
可以用这段内容作为论据，说明如果城市规划不合理（如基础设施滞后），会导致交通拥堵和通勤时间增加，从而降低居民的生活质量。
👉题目：
Technological progress has brought many benefits, but it has also created new problems. Do the advantages of technological progress outweigh the disadvantages?
👉应用：
可以引用这段内容，说明虽然交通工具（如火车和汽车）的进步最初提高了通勤效率，但由于基础设施未能同步发展，最终导致交通拥堵问题加剧。
👉题目：
Long commuting times can negatively affect work-life balance. What are the causes of long commuting times, and how can this issue be addressed?
👉应用：
可以用这段内容说明，交通基础设施滞后是导致通勤时间增加的主要原因之一，并提出改善公共交通或鼓励远程办公等解决方案。
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