被动语态在英文中的使用比在中文中更为常见,并且是一个极为重要的语法知识点。在表达被动语态时,时态也很重要。掌握被动语态也可以在写作时通过变换主语,变主动为被动来丰富句式多样性。今天就和小厚一起来学习被动语态的相关知识吧


被动语态的内容有:

被动语态的用法

主动变被动

被动语态使用结构

被动语态的用法

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,我们常常在以下几种情况使用被动语态:

1. 不知道动作的发出者是谁 / 动作的发出者无生命:

My bike was stolen last week.
(我不知道是谁偷的)

The window was blown by wind.
(风无生命)

2. 强调动作的承受者,没必要指出动作的发出者:

We were given a lot of homework to do in the holidays.
(重点是我们的作业很多,而非老师留了很多作业)

We were given a lot of homework to by our teachers in the holidays.
(当需要在被动语态中说明动作发出者时,用by+动作发出者的形式表达即可,但句子的重点还是被留作业的“我们”)

3. 当别人为主语做了某事时,用被动语态 have something done的形式表示

I had my hair coloured. (=我的头发被理发师帮我染了)

She has the car repaired.(=她的车被别人帮她修理了)

We will have a new house designed.(=我们的房子要被设计师帮我们设计了)

主动语态变被动语态

Step1:将主动语态句子中的宾语变主语,如果宾语为代词,则需要变成主格

Step2:将主动语态句子中的动词变为be done, be being done, have/has/had been done的形式

Step3:如果需要表明动作发出者时,将主动语态句子中的主语前+by,然后放在谓语动词后,如果主语为代词,则需要变为宾格

例:

They won’t forgive me.

I won’t be forgiven by them.

插播一条知识点:

被动语态使用结构

小试牛刀

将下列主动句改为被动句,被动句改为主动句,注意时态哦。

1. My uncle owns this shop.
2. That birthday card was made by my little sister.
3. This letter was written by Charles.
4. This lunch will be enjoyed by all our guests.
5. The museum isn’t visited by teenagers.
6. Those emails were read by my boss.
7. My mother didn’t receive that text.

Answers

1. This shop is owned by my uncle.
2. My little sister made that birthday card.
3. Charles wrote this letter.
4. All our guests will enjoy this lunch.
5. Teenagers don’t visit the museum.
6. My boss read those emails.
7. That text wasn’t received by my mother.

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